Martes, Marso 22, 2016

K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM

from http://www.gov.ph/k-12/ created by: Paguinto Rafael

What is K to 12 program?

The K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship.

GRADES 1-10

Students in Grades 1 to 10 will experience an enhanced, context-based, and spiral progression learning curriculum with the following subjects:

Subjects

  • Mother Tongue
  • Filipino
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Science
  • Araling Panlipunan
  • Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao (EsP)
  • Music
  • Arts
  • Physical Education
  • Health
  • Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP)
  • Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE)

Core curriculum subjects

There are seven Learning Areas under the Core Curriculum: Languages, Literature, Communication, Mathematics, Philosophy, Natural Sciences, and Social Sciences.

  • Oral comunication
  • Reading and writing
  • Komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang Filipino
  • 21st century literature from the Philippines and the world
  • Contemporary Philippine arts from the regions
  • Media and information literacy
  • General mathematics
  • Statistics and probability
  • Earth and life science
  • Physical science
  • Introduction to philosophy of the human person/Pambungad sa pilosopiya ng tao
  • Physical education and health
  • Personal development/pansariling kaunlaran
  • Earth science (instead of Earth and life science for those in the STEM strand)
  • Disaster readiness and risk reduction (taken instead of Physical science for those in the STEM strand)

Applied track subjects

  • English for academic and professional purposes
  • Practical research 1
  • Practical research 2
  • Filipino sa piling larangan
  • Akademik
  • Isports
  • Sining
  • Tech-voc
  • Empowerment technologies (for the strand)
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Inquiries, investigatories, and immersion

Specialized subjects

  • Accountancy, business, and and management strand
  • Humanities and social sciences strand
  • Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics strand
  • General academic strand

Selected Curriculum:

Art


CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Both the Music and the Arts curricula focus on the learner as recipient of the knowledge, skills, and values necessary for artistic expression and cultural literacy. The design of the curricula is student-centered, based on spiral progression of processes, concepts and skills and grounded in performance-based learning. Thus, the learner is empowered, through active involvement and participation, to effectively correlate music and art to the development of his/her own cultural identity and the expansion of his/her vision of the world.

The philosophical foundations upon which standards and competencies are based include: A Process of Education by Jerome Bruner, Performance-Based Learning by Cleve Miller, Aesthetic Education by Bennett Reimer, Multiple Intelligences by Howard Gardner, A Structure for Music Education by Ronald Thomas, Gongs and Bamboo by Jose Maceda, Compendium on the Humanities: Musical Arts produced by the National Research Council of the Philippines, Cultural Dictionary for Filipinos by Thelma Kintanar and Associates, Creative and Mental Growth by Viktor Lowenfeld and W. Lambert Brittain, Discipline-Based Art Education by Elliot Eisner, Encyclopedia of Philippine Arts and Tuklas Sining, both produced by the Cultural Center of the Philippines.


PHILOSOPHY AND RATIONALE FOR ARTS


The Arts is a visualization of a people’s history and uniqueness, a reflection of their creativity and accomplishments, and a visible expression of their distinct way of thinking, communicating, reasoning, and worshiping. It is expressed in a unique symbol system that is visual, kinetic and tactile. Howard Gardner, an educator and psychologist, affirms that the arts develop the child’s “SPATIAL, INTRAPERSONAL, LINGUISTIC AND KINESTHETIC INTELLIGENCES” for the Arts develop a distinct way of seeing, thinking, communicating, and creating in a person. Furthermore, Art develops and increases a person’s ability to apply creative and new solutions, for new problems in our world. Schools, therefore, need to develop the multiple intelligences of a student through the arts. The K-12 Arts Curriculum seeks to address these needs of our students for the 21st Century.

The 21st Century is a different world: it is highly visual, with a proliferation of images seen not only in static media like magazines, books, paintings and posters. Now images are kinetic and accessible in various media like television, outdoor advertisements, movies, cell phones, and new technologies like iPads, iPods, DVD players, personal computers, and tablets. Artists create, upload and share via the Internet, images, sounds, texts, films, videos, pictures, artworks and designs. These are readily available and interactive, involving the viewer to react, comment and utilize these visuals through the Internet. Teaching Art to students is one way for them to process and interpret the barrage of images and sounds, in a critical and intelligent manner.



Filipino

K to 12 Curriculum: Tunguhin, Inaasahang Bunga/Resulta, Pamantayang Pangnilalaman, Pamantayan sa Pagganap

Deskripsyon ng Batayang Konseptuwal na Balangkas sa Pagtuturo ng Filipino K-12

Pangkalahatang layunin ng Kurikulum ng K to 12 ang makalinang ng isang buo at ganap na Filipinong may kapaki - pakinabang na literasi.
Kaugnay nito, layunin ng pagtuturo ng Filipino na malinang ang (1) kakayahang komunikatibo, (2) replektibo / mapanuring pag-iisip at, (3) pagpapahalagang pampanitikan ng mga mag-aaral sa pamamagitan ng mga babasahin at teknolohiya tungo sa pagkakaroon ng pambansang pagkakakilanlan, kultural na literasi, at patuloy na pagkatuto upang makaagapay sa mabilis na pagbabagong nagaganap sa daigdig.
Sa ikatatamo ng mithiing ito, kailangan ng mga kagamitang panturo ng mga guro bilang suporta sa kurikulum na magmumula sa administrasyon, ahensiyang panlipunan, pribado at publiko, pamahalaang lokal, midya, tahanan at iba pang sektor ng lipunan.
Isinaalang-alang sa pagbuo ng kurikulum ang pangangailangang panlipunan, lokal at global na pamayanan, maging ang kalikasan at pangangailangan ng mga mag-aaral. Pinagbatayan din ang mga legal na batas pang-edukasyon, at mga teoryang pilosopikal ng edukasyon at wika nina Jean Piaget (Developmental Stages of Learning), Leo Vygotsky (Cooperative Learning), Jerome Bruner (Discovery Learning), Robert Gagne (Heirarchical Learning ), David Ausubel (Interactive/Integrated Learning),Cummins (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills-BICS at Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency Skills-CALPS) at ng ating pambansang bayaning si Dr. Jose P. Rizal na nagsabing “nasa kabataan ang pag-asa ng bayan”. Dahil ang Filipino ay nasa disiplina ng wika, pinagbatayan ang mga teorya sa kalikasan at pagkatuto ng wika, mga teorya / simulain sa pagsusuring panliterasi at mga pagdulog sa pagtuturo ng wika (W1, W2, W3) at pagtuturo ng mga akdang pampanitikan at tekstong palahad.


Music

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Both the Music and the Arts curricula focus on the learner as recipient of the knowledge, skills, and values necessary for artistic expression and cultural literacy. The design of the curricula is student-centered, based on spiral progression of processes, concepts and skills and grounded in performance-based learning. Thus, the learner is empowered, through active involvement and participation, to effectively correlate music and art to the development of his/her own cultural identity and the expansion of his/her vision of the world.
The philosophical foundations upon which standards and competencies are based include: A Process of Education by Jerome Bruner, Performance-Based Learning by Cleve Miller, Aesthetic Education by Bennett Reimer, Multiple Intelligences by Howard Gardner, A Structure for Music Education by Ronald Thomas, Gongs and Bamboo by Jose Maceda, Compendium on the Humanities: Musical Arts produced by the National Research Council of the Philippines, Cultural Dictionary for Filipinos by Thelma Kintanar and Associates, Creative and Mental Growth by Viktor Lowenfeld and W. Lambert Brittain, Discipline-Based Art Education by Elliot Eisner, Encyclopedia of Philippine Arts and Tuklas Sining, both produced by the Cultural Center of the Philippines.

PHILOSOPHY AND RATIONALE FOR MUSIC EDUCATION

Music is both an aural and a temporal art. All its elements, when interwoven in the highest artistic order, are likened into a -- tapestry moving in time. The global weavings of this tapestry in historical and cultural contexts are diverse -- having spurred a continued metamorphosis to include a full range of purposes, functions, and identities, from the utilitarian to aesthetic.
We envision that Music in the K-10 Program will effectively nurture and refine the learner’s artistic expression and cultural literacy, and celebrate his/her national heritage, while it instils, within every individual Filipino learner, pride in his/her own cultural identity.


Content of Music and Arts per Grade Level

Mathematics

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Mathematics is one subject that pervades life at any age and in any circumstance. Thus, its value goes beyond the classroom and the school. Mathematics as a school subject, therefore, must be learned comprehensively and with much depth.

The twin goals of mathematics in the basic education levels, K-10, are Critical Thinking and Problem Solving. The specific skills and processes to be developed are: knowing and understanding; estimating, computing and solving; visualizing and modelling; representing and communicating; conjecturing, reasoning, proving and decision-making; and applying and connecting.

The framework is supported by the following underlying learning principles and theories: Experiential and Situated Learning, Reflective Learning, Constructivism, Cooperative Learning and Discovery and Inquiry-based Learning. The mathematics curriculum is grounded in these theories.

Experiential Learning as advocated by David Kolb is learning that occurs by making sense of direct everyday experiences. Experiential Learning theory defines learning as "the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience. Knowledge results from the combination of grasping and transforming experience"

BRIEF COURSE DESCRIPTION

Mathematics from K-10 is a skills subject. By itself, it is all about quantities, shapes and figures, functions, logic, and reasoning. Mathematics is also a tool of science and a language complete with its own notations and symbols and “grammar” rules, with which concepts and ideas are effectively expressed.

The K to 10 Mathematics Curriculum provides a solid foundation for Mathematics at Grades 11 to 12. More importantly, it pro vides necessary concepts and life skills needed by Filipino learners as they proceed to the next stage in their life as learners and as citizens of the Philippines.

LEARNING AREA STANDARD:

The learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and principles of mathematics as applied - using appropriate technology - in problem solving, critical thinking, communicating, reasoning, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.

K–3 4-6 7-10
At the end of Grade 3, the learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers up to 10,000 and the four fundamental operations including money, ordinal numbers up to 100th, basic concepts of fractions); measurement (time, length, mass, capacity, area of square and rectangle); geometry (2-dimensional and 3-dimensional objects, lines, symmetry, and tessellation); patterns and algebra (continuous and repeating patterns and number sentences); statistics and probability (data collection and representation in tables, pictographs and bar graphs and outcomes)as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life. At the end of Grade 6, the learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers, number theory, fractions, decimals, ratio and proportion, percent, and integers);measurement (time, speed, perimeter, circumference and area of plane figures, volume and surface area of solid/space figures, temperature and meter reading); geometry (parallel and perpendicular lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, circles, and solid figures); patterns and algebra (continuous and repeating patterns, number sentences, sequences, and simple equations); statistics and probability (bar graphs, line graphs and pie graphs, simple experiment, and experimental probability) as applied -using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life. At the end of grade 10, the learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (sets and real numbers); measurement (conversion of units); patterns and algebra (linear equations and inequalities in one and two variables, linear functions, systems of linear equations, and inequalities in two variables, exponents and radicals, quadratic equations, inequalities, functions, polynomials, and polynomial equations and functions); geometry (polygons, axiomatic structure of geometry, triangle congruence, inequality and similarity, and basic trigonometry);statistics and probability (measures of central tendency, variability and position; combinatorics and probability) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, communicating, reasoning, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.

GRADE LEVEL GRADE LEVEL STANDARDS
K The learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers up to 20, basic concepts on addition and subtraction); geometry (basic attributes of objects), patterns and algebra (basic concept of sequence and number pairs); measurement (time, location, non-standard measures of length, mass and capacity); and statistics and probability (data collection and tables) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations and decisions in real life.
GRADE 1 The learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers up to 100, ordinal numbers up to 10th, money up to PhP100, addition and subtraction of whole numbers, and fractions ½ and 1/4);geometry (2- and 3- dimensional objects); patterns and algebra (continuous and repeating patterns and number sentences); measurement (time, non-standard measures of length, mass, and capacity);and statistics and probability (tables, pictographs, and outcomes) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 2 The learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers up to 1 000, ordinal numbers up to 20th, money up to PhP100, the four fundamental operations of whole numbers, and unit fractions); geometry (basic shapes, symmetry, and tessellations); patterns and algebra (continuous and repeating patterns and number sentences);measurement (time, length, mass, and capacity); and statistics and probability (tables, pictographs, and outcomes) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 3 The learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers up to 10 000; ordinal numbers up to 100th; money up to PhP1 000;the four fundamental operations of whole numbers; proper and improper fractions; and similar, dissimilar, and equivalent fractions); geometry (lines, symmetry, and tessellations); patterns and algebra (continuous and repeating patterns and number sentences); measurement (conversion of time, length, mass and capacity, area of square and rectangle); and statistics and probability (tables, bar graphs, and outcomes) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 4 The learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers up to 100 000, multiplication and division of whole numbers, order of operations, factors and multiples, addition and subtraction of fractions, and basic concepts of decimals including money); geometry (lines, angles, triangles, and quadrilaterals); patterns and algebra (continuous and repeating patterns and number sentences); measurement (time, perimeter, area, and volume); and statistics and probability (tables, bar graphs, and simple experiments) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 5 The learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers up to 10 000 000, order of operations, factors and multiples, fractions and decimals including money, ratio and proportion, percent); geometry (polygons, circles, solid figures); patterns and algebra (sequence and number sentences); measurement (time, circumference, area, volume, and temperature); and statistics and probability (tables, line graphs and experimental probability) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 6 The learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (divisibility, order of operations, fractions and decimals including money, ratio and proportion, percent, integers); geometry (plane and solid figures); patterns and algebra (sequence, expression, and equation); measurement (rate, speed, area, surface area, volume, and meter reading); and statistics and probability (tables, pie graphs, and experimental and theoretical probability) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 7 The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts and principles of numbers and number sense (sets and real number system); measurement (conversion of units of measurement);patterns and algebra (algebraic expressions and properties of real numbers as applied in linear equations and inequalities in one variable); geometry (sides and angles of polygons); and statistics and probability (data collection and presentation, and measures of central tendency and variability) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 8 The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts and principles of patterns and algebra (factors of polynomials, rational algebraic expressions, linear equations and inequalities in two variables, systems of linear equations and inequalities in two variables); geometry (axiomatic structure of geometry, triangle congruence, inequalities in a triangle, and parallel and perpendicular lines); and statistics and probability (probability of simple events) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 9 The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts and principles of patterns and algebra (quadratic equations and inequalities, quadratic functions, rational algebraic equations, variations, and radicals) and geometry (parallelograms and triangle similarities and basic concepts of trigonometry) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
GRADE 10 The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts and principles of patterns and algebra (sequences, series, polynomials, polynomial equations, and polynomial functions); geometry (circles and coordinate geometry); and statistics and probability (combinatorics and probability, and measures of position) as applied - using appropriate technology - in critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections, representations, and decisions in real life.
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